Personal union with Portugal, under Pedro I of Brazil (Pedro IV of Portugal), from 10 March to. ![]() The only sovereign during this period was Leopold II, who continued as king of Belgium until his death a year later in 1909. Personal union with Belgium from 1885 to 1908, when the Congo Free State became a Belgian colony.Monarchies in personal union Africa Congo Free State and Belgium The concept of personal union has almost never crossed over from monarchies into republics, but there have been exceptions. They can also be codified (i.e., the constitutions of the states clearly express that they shall share the same person as head of state) or non-codified, in which case they can easily be broken (e.g., by the death of the monarch when the two states have different succession laws). instead of annexing Finland into the Russian Empire, Alexander I of Russia organized Finland as an autonomous grand duchy and acted as its head of state several former members of the British Empire (then becoming Commonwealth realms) decolonization, where ex-colonies install the monarch of the former colonizing power as their own upon becoming independent, e.g.Louis X of France inherited France from his father and Navarre from his mother inheritance through a dynastic union, e.g.Personal unions can arise for several reasons, such as: The term was coined by German jurist Johann Stephan Pütter, introducing it into Elementa iuris publici germanici (Elements of German Public Law) of 1760. ![]() The ruler in a personal union does not need to be a hereditary monarch. Unlike the personal union, in a federation and a unitary state, a central (federal) government spanning all member states exists, with the degree of self-governance distinguishing the two. A real union, by contrast, would involve the constituent states being to some extent interlinked, such as by sharing some limited governmental institutions. Most PU are followed by a succession war, usually from a Rival/Ennemy of the country inheriting, apparently just out of spite (no previous RM or bond with the inherited country).Īnyone knows how the AI decides who gets on the throne ? It seems Prestige matters little, for dynastic change, but it's supposed to do for PU.A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. when there's both RM and Blood bonds, I just don't understand what's going on anymore.Killing all De Valois in France results in a PU with Provence, despite no RM. In case you have no RM, but share dynastic lines, nobles from your Dynasty will keep spawning, and sometimes, it's the actual ruler of the country you share blood bonds with, resulting in a PU. ![]() Stuart (Scotland) took over the throne with -100 prestige vs Cleves +100 Prestige. In case of multiple RM, it seems it's the most powerful country that takes priority.
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